???? ?????
-
??? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????????? 4 ?? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ????
4 ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? 4 ?? ??????? ???????? 4 ?? ??????? ????????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? - ????? - ??? ???????????, ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????? Traditional ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????, ?? ?????????? 4 ?? ??????? ?????? ????? -
??????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????
??????? ????????????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????: ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? - ????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? - ????? ???????? - ??? ?????????? ("?? ??? ??? ????????? ????? -
?????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ????????
????? ??????? - ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????: ????????? ?????? - ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? M??? ????? -
????????? ??????? ?????? ????????
???????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????????, ??????? ?????, ????????, ???????, ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???,??? ????? -
??? ?????? ???? 4 ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????
4 ?? ??????? ???????? 4 ?? ????????? ??????? (????? - ????? - ???) ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ???????????? ???, ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????????? ??????? ???????????????? ??? ???, ????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? -
???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? - ????? 4 ?? ??????? ?????????
??????: ???? ???? 4 ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????????, ??????? (????? - ????? - ???) ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? 4 ?? ??????? ???? ?????, ?? ???????????? ??????????? ???????? ????, ???? ????? -
????????? ??????? ?????????? ????
????????? ???????????, ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????, ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? (0 ??, ?????? - 273.15 ℃) ????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ????, ??? ????????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???????, ???????????? 0.8μm ???? 50μm ????, ?? ???????? ??????? (0.4μm ???? 0.8μm) ?? ????? ????????? ????? -
?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????????
??????? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? (????) ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? 2024 ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????? 1.72 × 10^8 ????? ??????? ????? (?????? 14% ??????? ?????????), ??? ??? ?????? 31% £ 31%? ?????? ????? -
????? ?????? ???????? ???????: ???? ??? ????????????
????? ?????? ???????? ???????: ???? ? ???????????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? (?????) ??????? ?????? ??? ??? - ?????????, ???? - ????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? - ????? (????????? - ?????????,??? ????? -
????????? ??????? ??????? ??????: ?????????? ????????????? ???? ??? ????????????
????????? ??????? ??????? ??????: ?????????? ???????? ???? ? ???????????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????????, ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? - ??? - ?????? ??? ??? - ??????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????, traditional ????????? ??????????? ????? -
?????? ????? ??????
??????: ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????, ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ????? -
?????? ????? - ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ????: ??????????? ???????????? ??? ??????
???? - ??? ???????????? ?????: ?????? - ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????